Planetary Atmospheric Electricity
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Atmospheric Electricity and Cloud Microphysics
The terrestrial atmospheric electrical system covers a range of dimensional scales, from charged molecular clusters to convective cloud systems. Charge-exchange associated with thunderclouds leads to positive charge in the upper conductive regions of the atmosphere and a net negative charge on the planetary surface. In non-thunderstorm regions, a vertical ionic current flows, replenishing the a...
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Fundamental properties of multiply charged molecular ions, such as energetics, structure, stability, lifetime and fragmentation dynamics, are relevant to understand and model the behavior of gaseous plasmas as well as ionosphere and astrophysical environments. Experimental determinations of the Kinetic Energy Released (KER) for ions originating from dissociations reactions, induced by Coulomb e...
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The planetary albedo is partitioned into a component due to atmospheric reflection and a component due to surface reflection by using shortwave fluxes at the surface and top of the atmosphere in conjunction with a simple radiation model. The vast majority of the observed global average planetary albedo (88%) is due to atmospheric reflection. Surface reflection makes a relatively small contribut...
متن کاملSpace weather influences on atmospheric electricity
Atmospheric electricity is a venerable topic of geophysical science, dating back to the 1750s when Franklin and Dalibard established the presence of electricity in thunderstorms. Subsequently even fine conditions were observed to be electrified, and a downward vertical atmospheric electric field of magnitude ~100V/m observed near the surface during fair weather conditions. The origin of the “fa...
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An evaluation is made of techniques that have been or could be employed to determine the existence and nature of worldwide variations in atmospheric electric phenomena. I n the course of a discussion of surface measurements, data from six sites on the surface of thc earth are presented. The use of airborne vehicles in studies of global phenomena is discussed and results from soundings and trans...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Space Science Reviews
سال: 2008
ISSN: 0038-6308,1572-9672
DOI: 10.1007/s11214-008-9419-z